Analysis of Vulnerabilities and Provision of Advanced Security Solutions for Communication Protocols in Air Traffic Control Networks

Amirhossein Rashidi¹

1) M.Sc. Student, Network Orientation, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Central Branch

IOI Code : ABGZ-ABFEZD
Publication : The third international conference on new approaches in engineering and basic sciences(icnabs.ir)
Abstract :
    Air Traffic Control (ATC) networks, as a vital infrastructure of modern aviation, are increasingly dependent on digital communication protocols such as ADS-B, TCAS, CPDLC, and LDACS. However, these protocols face fundamental vulnerabilities, including lack of encryption, lack of authentication, broadcast nature, and identity spoofing. This paper analyzes the vulnerabilities of these protocols and examines threats such as message injection attacks, replay attacks, denial-of-service attacks, and simulation of spoofed targets. Furthermore, advanced security solutions are presented, including intrusion detection systems based on deep learning, authentication protocols based on Physical Unclonable Functions (PUF), and post-quantum cryptography. The findings indicate that machine learning algorithms, with 98.7% accuracy, are capable of detecting injection attacks and spoofed targets. Finally, a multi-layered security framework based on a combination of cryptography and adaptive machine learning, leveraging blockchain-based data structures, is proposed that reduces the perceived distance of the target by more than 3.5 kilometers.

Keywords : air traffic control network security ads b puf cybersecurity attacks in aviation post quantum cryptography