A Structural and Semantic Analysis of Sasanian Textile Motifs with Emphasis on Formal, Thematic, and Chromatic Classification

Aygin Mardani Valandani¹ Narges Bakhshi Azghandi²

1) Assistant Professor, Department of Handicrafts, Faculty of Arts, University of Bojnord
2) Graduate of the Bachelor s Program in Handicrafts, University of Bojnord

IOI Code : AACH-AABHBF
Publication : 7th.International Conference & 8th.National Conference on Civil Engineering, Architecture, Art and Urban Design(8iccacs.ir)
Abstract :
    Abstract Sasanian textiles represent one of the most significant manifestations of pre-Islamic Iranian decorative arts, embodying a complex interplay of motifs, colors, and compositions that convey cultural, political, and religious meanings. This study aims to provide a structural and semantic analysis of Sasanian textile motifs by focusing on three main aspects: thematic classification, formal structure, and chromatic characteristics. Adopting a qualitative approach based on visual content analysis and semiotic methods, data were gathered through the study of documented museum specimens and library sources. The findings reveal that the motifs can be classified into five major thematic groups: human figures, animal figures, plant motifs, medallions, and composite symbols, each carrying distinct symbolic meanings. The formal structure of these motifs is built upon principles such as symmetry, repetition, centralization, and geometric framing, all employed to convey cosmic order and royal legitimacy. Moreover, colors function as meaning-making elements beyond their decorative role, reinforcing the visual messages of the designs through symbolic associations. Colors such as red, lapis blue, and gold are systematically used in royal, ritualistic, and conceptual contexts, synergizing with the overall composition and forms. The analysis of these three semantic layers—theme, form, and color—demonstrates that Sasanian textiles function as independent visual texts within a complex symbolic system, offering deeper insights into the intellectual, aesthetic, and symbolic frameworks of pre-Islamic Iran. Keywords: Sasanian textiles, semiotics, color, composition, motif

Keywords : sasanian textiles semiotics color composition motif