Assessment of Social Capital, Neighborhood Interactions, and Social Security in Residential Complexes (with Emphasis on Studies 2015-2025)

Mohammad Dehghani¹ Fatemeh Khamar² Mahshid Jamie³

1) PhD Student in Architecture, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan Branch, Iran
2) Bachelor s Student in Architecture, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan Branch, Iran
3) Bachelor s Student in Architecture, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan Branch, Iran

IOI Code : AACH-ABCDGF
Publication : 7th.International Conference & 8th.National Conference on Civil Engineering, Architecture, Art and Urban Design(8iccacs.ir)
Abstract :
    Social security in residential environments is a complex and multidimensional phenomenon that cannot be explained solely through crime statistics; rather, it is shaped within the context of social relationships, mutual trust, and neighborhood interactions. Social capital—defined as a set of social networks, shared norms, and social trust—plays a mediating role between the spatial structure of housing and residents’ perceived security. This study adopts a systematic review approach, analyzing research published between 2015 and 2025 to clarify the mechanisms linking social capital, neighborhood interactions, and social security. The findings indicate that regular neighborhood interactions, strengthened social trust, and informal social control significantly enhance residents’ sense of security and contribute to social stability in residential complexes. Furthermore, the physical design of shared spaces, participatory management support, and the reinforcement of social capital are identified as key strategies for promoting social security in residential settings.

Keywords : social capital neighborhood interactions social security residential complexes informal social control