Climate-Responsive and Vernacular Design Strategies for Energy-Efficient Residential Complexes in Hot-Humid Climates: A Case Study of Abu Musa Island, Iran

Elham Hivadi¹ EnsiyeH Hivadi²

IOI Code : AACH-ABHBBD
Publication : 7th.International Conference & 8th.National Conference on Civil Engineering, Architecture, Art and Urban Design(8iccacs.ir)
Abstract :
    Iran is a vast country with an ancient civilization and a very diverse and different climate across a wide geographical latitude, which has created specific architecture and different constructions in different cities. This difference in architecture and construction has taken different forms due to the very complex and diverse climate. This difference is clearly visible and distinguishable from the northern to central and southern cities of Iran. In the southern part of Iran, in the hot and humid climate region and in the southern coastal strip and especially the southern islands of Iran, architecture has been shaped under the influence of the specific climate and weather of this region over many years and by using and applying past experiences. Since the beginning of this great civilization in the Middle East, Iranians have always tried to build their lives and homes in places with suitable climates for life, agriculture and animal husbandry.Therefore, the first and most important areas for building their houses were along rivers and sea coasts and lands with more favorable climates. The southern coast of Iran, due to its proximity to the Sea of Oman and the Persian Gulf, is one of the first areas where a special civilization and unique way of life was formed. Factors such as the possibility of using the sea and trade through shipping with other countries and fishing and pearl fishing over time led to an increase in the population in these areas and a greater importance of the southern coast of Iran and its islands. The majority of the residents of the southern strip of Iran and its islands were and are fishermen and traders who, in order to facilitate travel from the sea to their homes, tended to build coastal and adjacent houses. Houses that, in addition to easy access, also had favorable climatic comfort so that the residents could endure the heat and humidity of the region.Using the potential of this particular region, such as proximity to the sea, a favorable breeze blowing from the sea to the coast, and the vastness of the region, allows the natives of these areas to have large houses with a distance from each other with large central courtyards. Relatively low density and the use of local materials such as wood, white sand and light soil, rubble stones, along with the use of bright colors, have shaped the architecture and building form of this region. The exterior roofed gables on the facade, which are made of wood, along with large windows that cover most of the facade of the houses, and awnings that protrude from the facade, and the white color in large proportion with the sky blue color taken from the color of the sea, have formed the dominant and beautiful architectural form of this region.The design of the Bomosi residential complex in the southernmost part of Iran s land area borrows from the ancient indigenous architecture of the southern region of Iran in a hot and humid climate. The goal of the design of the Bomosi residential complex in the competition section is to return to Principles and use of local potential and local architecture should be revived so that residents can communicate with it when dealing with a new residential complex and the complex can also respond to the local but young residents of the region. On the other hand, the island has a lot of potential and potential that fully allows a sustainable complex to be designed in order to control energy and similar to modern residential complexes in other countries, especially Arab countries such as the Emirates, which have a similar climate. Clean energies such as wind, sun, which are clean fuels, allow buildings with low energy consumption to be designed and built. Buildings that have more appropriate stability and resilience against the climatic conditions of the region.The use of architectural elements in southern Iran, such as a central courtyard, the distance between buildings for air circulation and humidity control, high walls for shading for traffic in the alleys and thermal comfort of residents, high and flat roofs, external and internal skylights, large windows with awnings, the stretching of houses in the east-west direction, and many other regional elements and potentials allow the gap that has caused the loss of native texture in this region for years due to the neglect of designers and builders to be healed, and houses and complexes that are consistent with the native culture of the residents of these areas and in the direction of sustainability and the design and construction of zero-energy buildings with the approach of using clean energy and energy control can be made . Keywords: Climate, vernacular architecture, residential complex, energy control

Keywords : climate vernacular architecture residential complex energy control