An overview of new technologies in HVDC power transmission systems

Mohsen Khodadadi Karimvand¹ Hossein Heydari²

1) Master s degree student in Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology
2) Associate Professor, Department of Power, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology

Publication : National Conference on Information Technology, Nanotechnology, Artificial Intelligence and Technological Futures Studies(itnaf.ir)
Abstract :
In this study, a comprehensive examination of High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission technology is conducted as an advanced solution for long-distance power transmission and the integration of renewable energy sources. The primary objective of the research is to explain the necessity of HVDC utilization compared to conventional High Voltage Alternating Current (HVAC) systems and to analyze its advantages, disadvantages, and converter technologies. The research employs an analytical approach, reviewing credible scientific and industrial sources related to the development and application of HVDC systems. The study introduces two main converter technologies—Line Commutated Converter (LCC) and Voltage Source Converter (VSC)—and analyzes their performance, structure, and applications. The results indicate that HVDC systems, particularly in long-distance power transmission projects, underground and submarine systems, and interconnection of asynchronous networks, are more economical and technically efficient than HVAC systems. Furthermore, advancements in the design of multilevel converters such as the Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) have led to improved efficiency, reduced harmonic distortion, and enhanced grid stability. However, challenges such as high installation costs, the complexity of DC protection, and the need for advanced equipment still remain. Overall, the findings demonstrate that HVDC technology—owing to its controllability, high efficiency, and compatibility with renewable energy sources—represents a key component of future smart grids and sustainable power transmission systems, and can play a significant role in the development of global energy infrastructure.
Keywords : high voltage direct current (hvdc) transmission voltage source converter (vsc) line commutated converter (lcc) multi terminal hvdc networks long distance power transmission