Assessing the water pollution level and amount of sediment on the bed of Anzali lagoon towards Cadmium and its purification by Azolla (Azolla pinnata)

Maloos Tabatabaee¹ Leila Ardebili² Behnoush Khosh manesh³

1) Phd Student of Environmental Engineering,Islamic Azad University of Tehran
2) Phd of Geology,Payame noor University of
3) Phd of Environmental Management,Islamic Azad University of

IOI Code : XACC-CZFEH
Publication : germanconf.com(germanconf.com/2nd)
Abstract :
    Abstract The present research aims to present data of studies in which the pollution level of surface and deep sediments of the Anzali’s Pond bed has been determined towards Cadmium. First, the sample was provided which was comprised of 21 sediments from the surface and at the depth of sixty centimeters of four wetland basins. Then, their physicochemical properties like pH, was determined. Again, the atomic absorption was applied to assess Cadmium concentration. Comparing obtained results with the Cadmium standard concentration as well as calculating its enrichment factor indicates that the concentration of this poisonous element in deep and surface sediments of pond was more than double of the standard level that shows the sever pollution of sediments with Cadmium. Human activities (anthropogenic activities) are a clear source of pollution. Since farms and paddy fields around the pond are overloaded with chemical fertilizers and pesticides, also domestic and industrial sewages are pumped straight into the pond and its neighboring rivers the pollution has been formed.The phytoremediation is the most important biological method to face increasing impacts of pollutants. In the present research the phytoremediation ability of Azolla, an aquatic fern, in order to purify the heavy and poisonous Cadmium in the Anzali pond has been assessed. Obtained results from analyzing seven Azolla samples of both central (Hendkhale) and Siah Kisham basins of pond show that cadmium concentration in Azolla organs is varied from 1-15 µg/g which is high in comparison to its standard level. Regarding biological concentration and biological transition factors obtained for provided samples it could be said that, by providing appropriate environmental conditions for higher absorption of cadmium the Azolla developed over the Anzali pond would be able to create a situation for better phytoremediation of cadmium. So, it could be used as a good plant species for the phytoremediation in the Anzali pond.

Keywords : anzali wetland cadmium enrichment factor azolla pinnata bioconcentration factor