Ventilator and patients with respiratory disorders

Fatemeh pishvar¹ Samaneh Hajimohammadbagher²

1) BS student in Medical Engineering, Alborz University of Knowledge, Qazvin, iran
2) PhD in Medical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering,,Danesh alborz university Qazvin,Iran

IOI Code : XCCC-FHAFC
Publication : 10th International Conference on Innovative Technologies in Science, Engineering and Technology(tetsconf.com)
Abstract :
    A ventilator is an automatic mechanical device designed to let gas in and out of the lungs. the function of the ventilator is that first a tube is inserted through the mouth or nose into the patients trachea_and in cases of prolonged use of the device_a hole is placed in the front area of the neck on the trachea and a tube inside the trachea and the device is connected there and performs the action of oxygenation and ventilation. in fact_the main function of the ventilator is to oxygenate the lungs and help eliminate carbon dioxide from the lungs(ventilation).the ventilator helps patients with respiratory problems_and we need a ventilator mainly for heart and lung diseases and usually in the NICU_CCU_ICU and emergency departments. this deviceis generallydivided into two categories : volumetric and compressive. volumetric ventilator_delivers a constant volume of gas to the patient regardless of the pressure required per breath. in compression ventilators_the goal is to reach a predetermined pressure with the help of a volume of gas given by the device_and as a result the amount of gas given per breath is different from the next breath_but the maximum pressure remains constant. the ventilator_like any other medical device_has advantages and disadvantages. among itsadvantages_we can mention these cases:1-oxygenation modification in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2-reduce the need for sedatives and muscle relaxants 3-reduce breathing and eating and talking when using it and easy to use at home .and its disadvantages can be mentioned in these cases:1-problems with intubation and pneumothorax and lung infections 2-it is difficult to sterilize and perform nursing care 3-decreased mobility of the patient and the patient suffering from complications of immobility . in general_it can be said that the disadvantages of this device are due to lack of knowledge and insufficient information and lack of proper use of it. the purpose of this article is to describe sufficient information and medical care and guidelines to improve the quality and quantity of medical care and nursing.

Keywords : ventilator device respiratory system lung oxygenation ventilation