A comprehensive review on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Majid shahi ganzagh¹

1) Bachelor of Educational Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili , Ardabil, Iran

IOI Code : XEFA-HHHCK
Publication : 3th National Conference on Psychopathology(asruma3.ir)
Abstract :
    The purpose of this research is to investigate ADHD and explain the characteristics, contexts, factors and educational points related to this disorder. The findings obtained from the surveys indicate that hyperactivity disorder is actually a biological-psychological disorder. In other words, it can be said that in this type of disorder, the life of the hyperactive person and people around them are exposed to many issues. Some of the consequences related to this type of disorder are: violation of the law and failure to follow order and norms, imperfect development of Personality, lack of acceptance by peers, occurrence of antisocial behaviors, depression, learning disorders, tendency to drugs (Afshari, 2018). Despite, the age of recognition of this disorder is mentioned up to 7 years old, but due to the appearance of signs and symptoms that can be understood before the age of 2 years, it is also possible to recognize this type of disorder. Some of the symptoms of ADHD disorder are: excessive impulsivity, low attention and concentration, anxiety, unusual behaviors, lack of discipline and distraction. In addition, according to the investigations that have been done so far, this disorder is classified to three types including: inattention, hyperactivity and the combined type is classified to three levels including: mild, moderate and severe. It is also worth mentioning that pregnancy at a young age, drug addiction of the pregnant mother, trauma at birth, breathing in polluted air, consumption of inappropriate food, and some genetic disorders are considered some of the factors influencing the occurrence of hyperactivity disorder. Therapeutic solutions for treating children with ADHD include: planning daily affairs, sleep regulation, positive feedback, positive reinforcement, dividing tasks from complex to simple, and understanding the condition of the affected person and expecting from the patients to the extent of their individual ability. Also, another point that should be mentioned here is that, the centers that treat this disorder should do affairs like achieving positive and beneficial findings from researchers, prevention of hyperactivity, education and appropriate treatment of patients with this disorder, use all their efforts to better educate their families.

Keywords : attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) attention deficit disorder impulsiveness disorder distraction