Antimicrobial activity of the bioactive peptides and their applications in food safety: A review

Mohammad Hossein Maleki¹ Hooman Jalilvand nezhad² Nima Keshavarz Bahadori³ Milad Daneshniya⁴ Zahra Latifi⁵

1) Young Researchers and Elite Club, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
2) Young Researchers and Elite Club, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
3) Young Researchers and Elite Club, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
4) Young Researchers and Elite Club, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
5) Young Researchers and Elite Club, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mazandaran, Iran

Publication : 5th.International Conference on Researches in Science & Engineering & 2nd.International Congress on Civil, Architecture and Urbanism in Asia(5icrsie.com)
Abstract :
Bioactive peptides are specific fragments of proteins, the activity of which is based on the composition and sequence of amino acids. Nowadays, various sources and methods are used to obtain these peptides. The microbial fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis or a combination of both are commonly employed to obtain bioactive peptides. However, in some instances, other methods such as ultra-filtration or chromatography may be used to obtain the peptides due to the presence of the desired peptide in an intricate complex. Bioactive peptides can be of plant or animal origins. The bacteriocins are among bioactive peptides with antimicrobial activity, which can be of bacterial origin. These types of bioactive peptides increase the permeability through binding to the bacterial wall and perforate the wall, thus exhibiting their antimicrobial activity. The three models, including barrel stave models, the toroidal model, and the carpet model, are the most common mechanisms of action of antimicrobial peptides. Antimicrobial peptides can be used to treat human, animal, and plant diseases caused by microorganisms. They can also be applied as food preservatives and act as a resistance factor against spoilage caused by microorganisms. Although some of these peptides have been commercialized so far, extensive and commercial use of them requires further research and experiments.
Keywords : Antimicrobial Bioactive peptides Biological properties Preservative