NATURE OF DARK MATTER

Neda Razzaghi¹

1) Assistant Professor

Publication : 6th.International Conference on Researches in Science & Engineering & 3rd.International Congress on Civil, Architecture and Urbanism in Asia(6icrsie.com)
Abstract :
According to Standard Model(SM) and Higgs mechanism, neutrinos do not have mass. But, about 15 years ago, experimenters discovered that neutrinos do have tiny masses and this has been hailed as a great discovery since this may show us how to go beyond the SM. Many researchers have proposed that these neutrinos might be the major constituent of Dark Matter. There is another ’mass having’ particle called Neutralino. Neutralino is a hypothetical particle predicted by supersymmetry. As a heavy, stable particle, the lightest neutralino is an excellent candidate to comprise the Universe’s cold dark matter. In many models the lightest neutralino can be produced thermally in the hot early universe and leave approximately the right relic abundance to account for the observed Dark Matter. A lightest neutralino of roughly 10-10000Gev is the leading weakly interacting massive particle (WIMPs) Dark Matter candidate. On the other side, the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) is the generic name given to the lightest of the additional hypothetical particles found in supersymmetric models. The LSP of supersymmetric models is also a Dark Matter candidate and also a WIMP. Dark Matter particles must be electrically neutral; otherwise they would scatter light and thus cannot be ”dark”. They must also be certainly colourless. With keeping all these constraints, the LSP could also be the gravitino or the lightest neutrino. Now a question arises: Is Dark Matter composed of particles which fall under SUSY theory or is it the result of neutrinos having tiny masses? We, in this paper, are trying to make a unification of these two theories and proposing a new simplified theory for the mysterious Dark Matter.
Keywords : dark matter electroweak theory; Neutralino; Standard Model(SM); Supersymmetry (SUSY).