Smart design of a sustainable building with zero water demand: Rainwater harvesting, in situ water and wastewater treatment

Negar Gol¹ Behnam Rajabifar² Fatemeh Mozaffari³ Mohsen Taghavijeloudar⁴

1) MSc., Department of Art and Architecture, Azad Islamic University of Sari,
2) PhD., Department of Art and Architecture Azad university, Qaemshahr, IRAN:,
3) PhD., Department of Art and Architecture Azad university, Sari, IRAN:,
4) PhD of Environment Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, 151‑744 Seoul, South Korea

Publication : 2nd International Congress on Civil Engineering, Architecture, Building Materials and Environment(caucong.com/2nd)
Abstract :
In this research, a smart sustainable building with zero water demand has been designed based on rainwater harvesting and in situ water and water treatment. Rainwater has been collected from all roof tops and basements. Additionally, two membrane bio-reactors (MBR) were used in the building to in situ treat the gray water. According to the results, total annual rainwater harvested (WR) was 10,000 m3/Y which includes 2,507 m3/Y from roof tops and 7,604 m3/Y from basement. Total treated gray water (WT) through the two MBRs was 25,000 m3/Y. While, the annual total water demand (WD) of the building was estimated as 36,500 m3/Y. Therefore, the needs of supplying city water (WC) from outside was less than 1,500 m3/Y. The results of economic analysis revealed that by the new smart design building in this study, approximately 1,840,695,000 IRR cost can be saved per year.
Keywords : Smart design; Sustainable management; Zero water; Rainwater