Comparative comparison of factors affecting the architecture of historical houses of the Qajar period in Tabriz (Case studies: Behnam & Kalantari Houses)

Ali Mashhadi¹ Aila Sinaei²

1) Faculty member of Tehran University of Science and Culture
2) Master of Architecture, Art & Architecture Faculty, Tehran University of Science and Culture

IOI Code : XECZ-HDCBC
Publication : 2nd.International Conference on Architecture, Civil Engineering, Urban Development, Environment and Horizons of Islamic Art in the Second Step Statement of the Revolution(2icacu.ir)
Abstract :
    Many factors, including religious, cultural, economic, climatic indicators, etc, have influenced residential architecture from ancient times until now, and always in every era, according to the conditions of the users, some of These factors have a greater impact on the form and function of the house. This article looks for the origin of the difference between various house forms in a specific climate such as the cold climate of Iran and in a city such as Tabriz to evaluate the effectiveness of the influencing factors in the final form of the house. This research is an applied type of research. The method of collecting materials is library study and field visit. From the perspective of research methodology, in order to evaluate the impact of various factors such as climatic, cultural, economic, religious and social variables on the final form of the house, two distinct forms were selected in Tabriz. One is the central courtyard form, which is introverted in terms of form and the other is the block form which is extroverted. By comparing houses, the effect of each of these factors was analyzed in the form of ten architectural indicators. Finally, according to the comparative comparison and analysis of the plans, drawing the access graph of each house and comparing the data, the results showed that in the form of the central courtyard, cultural and climatic variables had the greatest impact on the form of the house, while in the block form, climatic factor had less effect on forming of the house. At the end, it can be said that in the residential architecture of Tabriz during the Qajar period, the culture factor has the first place in influencing the final form of the house, then the climate is in the second place.

Keywords : architecture historical house tabtiz comparative comparison qajar period